Notre Dame Cathedral Must-Visit Destinations In Saigon

Welcome to the Saigon Notre-Dame Cathedral, a magnificent architectural gem and a symbol of Catholicism in Vietnam. Standing out in the heart of the city, Notre Dame Cathedral is not only a sought-after attraction in Saigon but also the most emblematic landmark in the country, let alone the city. This article will provide you with the essential information you need to know for your visit to this famous religious site.

1. Where is Saigon's Notre Dame Cathedral?

• Address: No.1 Cong Xa Paris St, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City

Notre-Dame Cathedral Basilica of Saigon (Nhà thờ Đức Bà Sài Gòn in Vietnamese), officially Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of The Immaculate Conception, occupies the bustling Paris Commune Square in the downtown of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. This French-built church enlivens the tourist precinct which embraces Vietnam's largest and oldest post office - Saigon Central Post Office in District 1, and is gaining popularity as a pilgrimage site among Catholic believers and foreign and local visitors.

Saigon's Notre Dame Cathedral Basilica in the center of Ho Chi Minh

2. The history of Saigon's Notre-Dame Cathedral

Back in the late 19th century, when the French conquered Vietnam, the French government ordered the construction of a large church that served as a place of worship and community services for French colonists. In 1863, the church’s construction was first started on the bank of the Charner canal (Kinh Lon). Two years later, the wooden building was completed and named “Saigon Church”, however, it was quickly damaged by termites.

Notre Dame Cathedral in Saigon in the past

In 1877, the church was reconstructed with materials shipped from France under the supervision of esteemed architect Admiral Bourard. The cathedral took three years to complete and cost 2,500,000 French francs, financed by the French Cochinchine government; thus, people called it the State Cathedral.

A Notre Dame Cathedral interesting fact: In front of the church, there was a bronze statue of Bishop Pigneau de Behaine with Prince Canh, the eldest son of Emperor Gia Long, erected on a red marble pedestal. In 1945, the statue was removed while its pedestal remained. In 1959, Bishop Joseph Pham Van Thien imported a statue of Our Lady of Peace made with granite in Rome and settled it on the empty pedestal. The cathedral was declared Notre Dame Cathedral after the statue ceremony in the same year.

The statue of Bishop Pigneau de Behaine has been replaced with one of Virgin Mary

In 1960, Pope John XXIII - The sovereign of the Vatican City State established the Roman Catholic dioceses in Vietnam and named it Saigon Chief Cathedral. In 1962, he performed an anointing ceremony to confer the Basilica status of the Saigon cathedral. Since then, this cathedral has earned its official title of Notre Dame Cathedral Basilica of Saigon. The locals also call it Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady (Duc Ba Cathedral) due to the statue on the front campus.

Saigon's Notre Dame Cathedral nowadays

Throughout centuries of construction and renovation, Saigon's Notre Dame Basilica witnessed the city's turbulent history and has become a trademark of the urban architecture in South Vietnam. Nowadays, this 159-year-old cathedral still functions as a religious stronghold for roughly 6.2 million Catholics in Saigon and a striking relic for tourists.

Currently, Ho Chi Minh City Archdiocese is launching an extensive renovation project on Saigon's Notre Dame Basilica, scheduled from 2017 to 2027.

Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady bears the trace of time

3. Architecture of Notre Dame Cathedral

3.1. Building materials

To build a highly resistant structure, the contractor of Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica imported all the building materials from France which was remarkably uncommon at that time. Its roof tiles were supplied from Marseille, while the stained glasses were manufactured by the Lorin firm of Chartres. Notably, the exterior of the cathedral was made of bricks from Toulouse. Even without concrete coasting, these bricks have retained their bright red color until today and are free of moss.

The signature of the Notre Dame Cathedral's architecture is the red brick walls

3.2. Design of Saigon's Notre Dame Cathedral

Notre Dame Cathedral's architecture facts

Notre Dame Cathedral Basilica in Saigon features a distinctive neo-Romanesque and Gothic design, forming its solemn and elegant overlook. The magnificent grandeur is characterized by twin bell towers, ornate stained-glass windows, and a red-brick facade. The landmark is 93 meters long and 35 meters wide with a 21-meter-high dome, and its foundation can bear 10 times the weight of the entire structure. Unlike other local churches, Saigon's Notre Dame Cathedral does not have surrounding fences, making it easy for tourists and pedestrians to admire its elaborate exterior from the streets.

The inside of Notre Dame Cathedral Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

The Basilica is capable of accommodating 1,200 people. Its sublime interior encompasses the chapel range, the chancel (main altar) in the middle, two sub-sacred spaces separated by two central rows of pillars with six pillars on each side representing the 12 apostles. The main altar of the Sacred Palace depicts six angels carved into monolithic marble, and the pedestal displays relic sculptures.

Sunlight shining through the ornate windows at Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady

The walls are embellished by 56 circular windows glazed with stained glasses, showing scenes from the Bible, scripture lessons, and rose images. These colorful glass windows are considered an architectural feature of cathedrals, allowing natural light into the central portraits of Jesus Christ at the altar. Moreover, Roman and Gothic touch patterns, such as high-domed ceilings framed with dark brown arches, and classical white columns, create the dignity, elegance, and a sense of sacredness inside the intricate tower.

3.3. Bell towers

Initially, the two front buildings of Saigon Basilica were 36.6 meters high. In 1895, the French erected two 57.6-meter-high bell towers tipped with iron spires. The top of each building is a 3.5-meter-tall crucifix that makes the towers reach a total height of 60.5 meters and become the tallest bell towers in Vietnam.

Notre Dame Cathedral in Saigon boasts the tallest bell towers in Vietnam with a total of 57 meters high

The twin towers hold six bronze bells weighing a total of 30 metric tons. These power-operated bells were made in France and shipped to Saigon in 1879. The priests only ring all six bells together on special occasions, such as Christmas Eve, when you can hear their sounds from up to 10 kilometers away.

The ancient clock of Notre Dame Cathedral in Saigon

Between the twin bell towers is a big clock with a weight of 1 ton. It was manufactured in Switzerland in 1887. After 135 years, the cathedral's clock still works perfectly and is regarded as the oldest clock in Ho Chi Minh City.

3.4. Front campus

The front campus of Notre Dame Cathedral in Vietnam at night

In front of Saigon Basilica is a small park with decorative plants and four pathways creating a cross. The park center stands a stunning statue of Virgin Mary (Our Lady of Peace), installed in 1959. The unpolished statue is 4.6 meters tall, 8 tons in weight, and carved from Italian white granite by the sculptor G. Ciocchetti. The upright Our Lady’s figure holds a globe with a cross attached above, while her contemplative eyes are looking up at the sky as if she is praying for peace for Vietnam and the world. The stone pedestal is also engraved with a bronze prayer, “Notre Dame blesses the peace to Vietnam”.

The dedicated statue of Virgin Mary - A symbol of peace in Duc Ba Church

Saigon's Notre Dame Cathedral gained international attention when grabbing headlines in the Wall Street Journal in October 2005. Some fervent witnesses astonishingly claimed that the statue of Virgin Mary once mysteriously shed a single tear down her right cheek. After the incident occurred, thousands of people flocked to the Basilica to see this unconfirmed “miracle”, forcing authorities to stop traffic around the Paris Commune Square.

4. Guide to visit Notre Dame Cathedral Basilica of Saigon

4.1 Some tips before your visit

Dress Modestly: As a place of worship, it's important to dress respectfully when visiting Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica. Opt for clothing that covers your shoulders and knees, and avoid wearing revealing or inappropriate attire. This shows respect for the religious significance of the site.

Be Mindful of Religious Services: The basilica holds regular religious services and Masses. If you're visiting during these times, be mindful of the worshippers and maintain a quiet and respectful demeanor. It's best to avoid taking photographs or engaging in loud conversations during these moments.

Explore the Surrounding Area: Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica is located in a vibrant part of the city, offering plenty of other attractions to explore. Take some time to wander around the area and discover other landmarks, such as the Saigon Central Post Office and the Reunification Palace, which are within walking distance.

Capture the Beautiful Architecture: The basilica's stunning French Gothic architecture is a sight to behold. Don't forget to bring your camera or smartphone to capture the intricate details, the vibrant stained glass windows, and the majestic exterior. However, be respectful and follow any guidelines regarding photography within the church.

Visit during the Day: To fully appreciate the beauty of Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica, plan your visit during daylight hours. The natural light filtering through the stained glass windows adds a magical ambiance to the interior, allowing you to admire the architectural marvels and intricate artwork.

Respect the Sacred Space: Remember that Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica is a place of worship and reverence for many people. Keep noise levels low, refrain from touching or climbing on any religious artifacts or statues, and follow any specific instructions or guidelines provided by the staff or signs within the cathedral.

Learn the History: Take some time to familiarize yourself with the rich history and significance of the basilica before your visit. Understanding the background and events surrounding the construction of the cathedral will enhance your appreciation for its cultural and religious importance.

4.2. The opening hours of Saigon's Notre Dame Cathedral

Opening hours: 8 a.m. to 11 a.m. and 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. daily

Weekday Mass: 5:30 a.m. and 5:30 p.m.

Every Sunday Mass: 5.30 a.m.; 6.45 a.m.; 8 a.m.; 9.30 a.m. (English Mass); 4.00 p.m.; 5.30 p.m.; 6.30 p.m.

English Mas is available in Duc Ba Church

5. Q&A - Some often asked question about the Saigon Notre-Dame Cathedral

Is Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica open to the public?

Yes, Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica is open to the public for visiting and prayer. However, it's a good idea to check the opening hours before your visit.

Can I take photographs inside the cathedral?

Photography is generally allowed inside the basilica, but it's important to be respectful and mindful of the religious nature of the site. Avoid using flash photography and be considerate of other visitors and worshippers.

For What to do in Ho Chi Minh City, Can I attend a Mass or religious service at the basilica?

Yes, Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica holds regular Masses and religious services. If you would like to attend a service, check the schedule in advance to plan your visit accordingly. Remember to be respectful during these times.

Overview of Notre Dame Cathedral in Saigon before

Throughout over 150 years of construction and renovation, Notre Dame Cathedral in Vietnam has kept its outstanding appearance and become one of the most glorious French colonial architectural works in the country. If an authentic trip to Saigon Notre-Dame Cathedral is what you are after, then don't hesitate to contact us: Auasia Travel - Vietnam Travel Agency to ensure you the voyage of your dream.

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